Surely almost every person has heard the word "nipple" and, most likely, frowned in disgust at the same time, thinking about how unpleasant and perhaps dangerous the contagious disease is. Some remember from childhood: you should never touch frogs - they will be nipples. Someone authoritatively declares that they will "pass by themselves" and in general, it’s like a mole and it’s not scary at all, while others are terribly afraid of being caught. There is a lot of speculation about the disease due to the fact that not everyone knows the exact cause of the pathology.
He was warned armed. Therefore, it is important to understand why people grow warts, what they are, why they are dangerous and whether they have anything to do with frogs.
Types of warts
Warts are growths on the skin caused by the human papilloma virus (HPV), which lives and multiplies only in the epithelium and mucous membranes. Under certain conditions, the virus begins to emerge on the surface of the epithelium in the form of growths. Neoplasms can vary in size - both small and fairly large, and in color - from pink to dark brown.
HPV has a large number of strains and this is what causes various types of warts.
straight nipples (juvenile)
Such neoplasms resemble externally rounded spots of irregular shape. They occur in adolescents who are entering puberty. Their appearance is closely related to the hormonal restructuring of the young organism. They provide many unpleasant sensations - from psychological discomfort to itchy skin. Usually flat warts itch, for other species it is uncharacteristic. Inflammation of the skin of this type most often occurs on the face, neck, arms and legs. They usually go away on their own and do not require serious intervention.
Vulgar nipples (common)
These are dense growths that resemble nodules. This type is the most common. The fact is that they appear on the hands and fingers, palms, allowing HPV to easily pass from a sick person to a healthy one. The virus enters the body through damage to the skin when touched or in the process of using household items. The main reasons for the appearance of warts on the hands lie in the ease of transmitting the disease and non-compliance with basic hygiene rules.
One of the subtypes of common warts are plantar warts. They affect the lower part of the legs: feet, heels, toes. Such growths bring a lot of sadness, because they are extremely painful, especially when walking.
Most often, ordinary warts disappear completely within six months to a year, but in some cases they cannot disappear longer.
Filiform warts
Neoplasms of this type are soft and rounded. Such warts most often appear in the elderly, in women with problematic pregnancies and in menopause, because their appearance is associated with hormonal imbalance. First of all, areas of sensitive skin are affected: face, neck, inguinal area, armpits. The presence of wrinkles on the body and excessive sweating also contribute to the spread of epithelial growths.
Unlike the previous two types, this type of skin formation requires careful monitoring and treatment under the supervision of a specialist. It is important to know that they will not disappear on their own and may need to be removed.
Genital warts
A different type of wart that affects the genitals, anus or much less often the mouth. These are growths on the leg, they have the shape of a glacier. With the development of the disease they grow, becoming like cauliflower.
Warts often develop into malignant tumors, so their appearance and growth should be monitored by a specialist.
Causes
Almost half of the world's population is infected with the human papilloma virus, but not all carriers are aware of it. HPV cannot manifest for a long time, retaining vital activity. Warts or condyloma come out at a time when the conditions for their development become favorable, or with a decrease in the protective functions of the human body. In fact, weak immunity is the main reason for the appearance of genital warts and warts on different parts of the body.
Provoking factors:
- hormonal disorders in the body (puberty, pregnancy, menopause);
- metabolic disease;
- unprotected intercourse;
- non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene;
- dry skin of the hands or, conversely, heavy sweating;
- circulatory disorders;
- the presence of microdamage in the epithelium.
Otherwise, as practice shows, the appearance of warts has nothing to do with frogs, so we can say with certainty that this is just a hoax.
Diagnosis
Each type of wart is characterized by a special structure and a set of characteristics inherent in it. This allows you to quickly diagnose and prescribe the right treatment.
External examination of the neoplasm is sufficient for the dermatologist to distinguish the wart from other skin diseases (lichen planus, warty tuberculosis of the skin, etc. ). In addition, it is necessary to ensure that the growths are of good quality and to determine the degree of their oncogenicity. To do this, perform research by PCR and biopsy. Also, to determine the strain of the virus and the level of its concentration, a Digene HPV test is performed. Thanks to him, the prognosis for the development of the neoplasm is built, and the methods of therapy are determined.
When skin growths appear, patients do not rush to see a doctor and treat them, because warts do not have acute symptoms. Sometimes neoplasms can itch. In most cases, these growths do not bother their owners, except for the unaesthetic appearance.
There are a number of indications for contacting specialists. First of all, it is:
- rapid growth of warts (size larger than 2 cm is an indication for surgery);
- itching, tingling, tingling, pain in the growth;
- sharp blackening of the neoplasm;
- causing an inflammatory process (suppuration, blood);
- the emergence of new formations around one growth;
- change in shape and structure.
Additional studies are required for genital warts.
Effective treatments
You can get rid of warts quickly, provided that the growth is of good quality. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate those who deprive a person of mental comfort, cause pain or are in places where it is easy to injure them. The most commonly used for treatment are:
- Pharmacy funds. The method of combating drugs also includes immunotherapy, local topical application of drugs containing acid, retinoic acid, the use of hormonal fats. Necessary medications are prescribed by a doctor.
- Folk remedies. It is about the use of different types of herbs and fruits. For example, such folk methods are considered effective:
- Wraps of raw onion soaked in vinegar. Vegetables are tied to the nipple for several nights in a row. In order not to burn the skin around the formation, it is recommended to stick it with adhesive tape. Rubbing the nipples with freshly chopped potato halves helps to remove them.
- The most popular and proven method is cauterization of warts with celandine juice. The procedure should be performed twice a day, using freshly harvested grass. The juice of this plant can burn the skin, so the procedure is carried out strictly locally.
- Another effective remedy is a mixture of dandelion juice, milkweed, walnut berries, sour apples, onions, garlic and lemon. There are no specific proportions - the amount of each ingredient is determined by eye. The resulting mixture is applied to the nipple three times a day.
- They get rid of hard growths on the hands with the help of vinegar, dripping it on the problem area. For a lighter effect, a mixture of vinegar and flour is also used - apply the paste mass on the nipple, wait for it to dry and wrap it overnight.
- A mixture of finely grated garlic, lemon juice and flour is often used for cauterization. It also needs to be applied at night for a while.
- Horseradish juice also has a cauterizing effect. Its root is grated, mixed with salt and applied to the growth.
- operations and other methods. Do not neglect the traditional ways of dealing with warts, which are practiced in medical institutions. First of all, this
- Nipple excision without damaging adjacent tissue using a radiowave scalpel under local anesthesia. Now this procedure is used less often, because there is a high probability of scarring in places where warts are removed. However, if the size of the growth exceeds 2 cm, the operation is performed without error. The method allows you to completely remove the wart.
- Cryotherapy - the formation is frozen with liquid nitrogen, which deprives the vital activities of its cells, after the event it will no longer grow.
- Electrocoagulation - cauterization of growths. Such problem solving is considered fast and efficient.
Aesthetic medicine clinics also offer services for removing skin formations with laser or phototherapy.
Don't forget: when warts of any kind appear, it is best to consult a doctor! More often, neoplasms caused by HPV are benign and do not require serious intervention. However, to be sure, it is better to pass the necessary tests.
Prevention
Of course, the surest way to protect yourself from the appearance of unpleasant skin diseases is strong immunity. Unfortunately, few people can boast of this. Therefore, in order to reduce the risk of infection with warts and condyloma, it is important to adhere to hygiene rules, namely:
- wash your hands thoroughly, shower or bathe regularly, and teach your child to do the same, because children get sick more often than adults;
- do not use other people's hygiene items;
- when visiting baths, saunas, swimming pools, wear personal changeable footwear, do not lean on bare body parts on seating areas, walls of showers and steam rooms;
- timely treat scratches, cuts, small wounds with disinfectants;
- exclude unprotected sexual intercourse, using protective contraception;
- for vaccination against the most dangerous types of HPV.